Document Type : Original Article
Researcher
Allameh Tabatabai University, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Department of Sports Physiology
Ministerial Ethics Committee
Flight attendants are exposed to multiple occupational hazards, including cosmic ionizing radiation, circadian rhythm disruption, poor cabin air quality, hypoxia, noise, and high work-related stress, leading to a high prevalence of sleep disorders, chronic fatigue, systemic inflammation, and mental health issues. Epidemiological studies (e.g., Harvard Flight Attendant Health Study) have shown significantly higher rates of sleep disturbances, elevated inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, TNF-α), increased ADAM17 (TACE) activity, NF-κB pathway activation, and reduced quality of life compared to the general population.
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), a traditional Ayurvedic herb with well-documented anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-stress, and immunomodulatory properties, has been shown to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, NF-κB), increase anti-inflammatory IL-10, regulate cortisol levels via HPA axis modulation, and improve stress resilience and sleep quality. Regular exercise is also known to attenuate inflammation and oxidative stress.
The present study is the first systematic investigation to evaluate the combined effects of an 8-week multi-component exercise program (aerobic + resistance + Pilates/flexibility training) and ashwagandha supplementation on immune markers (TNF-α, ADAM17, IL-10) and the stress hormone cortisol in flight attendants. This practical, moderate-intensity protocol uses body weight and minimal equipment, making it feasible in hotel or airport settings. The primary aim is to reduce systemic inflammation, restore immune balance, and lower hormonal stress in this high-risk occupational group.