Document Type : Original Article
Researcher
Allameh tabatabii University
Ministerial Ethics Committee
The frontal lobe is the largest part of the brain and the last to fully develop. It plays a crucial role in our cognitive processes, but unfortunately, its functions tend to decline with age. Various studies have confirmed that older adults often experience cognitive decline linked to the frontal lobe (Hand Kalsow, Besnard, & Elin, 2016). This decline affects different areas of cognition as people age.One significant region within the frontal lobe is the lateral prefrontal cortex, which is essential for planning, organizing, and other cognitive functions such as memory, attention, and the speed of information processing. Spanish neuroscientist Santiago Ramón y Cajal believed that the human brain is adaptable, comparing it to a garden that can be nurtured and grown. He asserted that we all have the capacity to enhance our cognitive abilities (Mansour Mahmoudi, 2019).However, a decline in mental abilities, information processing, and problem-solving in older adults can lead to cognitive disorders, including dementia or senility. Dementia is a syndrome resulting from cognitive performance decline, affecting various brain functions such as memory, thinking, reasoning, language, comprehension, calculation, and judgment (Katerina Zwingmann et al., 2024).Currently, cognitive disorders are recognized as one of the most significant, controversial, and prevalent issues among older adults. Conditions like dementia can severely impact their quality o